Apparatus for lining casks, barrels, or like vessels.



No. 707,260. Patented Aug. [9, I902.

H. S. RUSSELL.

APPARATUS FOR LINING CASKS, BARRELS, 0R LIKE VESSELS. (Application filed Au 23, 1900.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet I.

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2 0 m m. u A d Bu t n e t a P L L s s u On 8 H 0 6 7 o 7 0 N APPARATUS FOR LINING GASKS, BABRELS 0R LlKE-VESSELS.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 707.260. Patented Aug. [9, I902.

H. S.'BUS8ELL.. APPARATUS FOR LINING CASKS, BABREES', 0R LIKE VESSELS.

(Application filed Aug. 23, 19002) 5 Sheets8heet 3..

(No Model.)

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Patented Aug. l9, I902. H. s. RUSSELL.

APPARATUS FOR LINING CASKS, BARRELS, OR LIKE VESSELS.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1900.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

7 THE NORRIS FETERS c0. vutmxu'mm WASHINGTON a c No. 707,200. Patented Aug. l9, I902.

V n. s. RUSSELL. I APPARATUS FOR LINING GASKS, 'BABBELS, 0B LIKE VESSELS.

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NrrED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

HERBERT SAMUEL RUSSELL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR LINING CASKS, BARRELS, OR LIKE V ESSELS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 707,260, dated August 19, 1902.

Application filed August 23, 1900. Serial No. 27,862. (No model.)

To all whom it may ooncerrt:

Be it known that I, HERBERT SAMUEL Ros SELL, gentleman, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 62 and 63 Mark Lane, in the city of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Apparatus for Lining Oasks, Barrels, or the Like Yes-1 sels, (for which applications for Letters Patout have been filed in Great Britain,No. 1,701, dated January 26, 1900; in Germany May 28, v 1900, and in Belgium, France, Italy, P0rtugal, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, and Hungary May 29, 1900,) of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to apparatus for lin ing casks, barrels, and the like vessels with parafiin, wax, and. other air andowater tight material or composition. Oasks and vessels lined by apparatus as heretofore inuse are found not to provide a hermetical sealing of the pores of the wood and areconsequently Ineffective for the purpose for which they are intended-i. a, the complete isolation of the contents of the cask or vessel from the wood or other material of which such vessel is made. Furthermore, such linings are frequently superficially deteriorated by allowingimpure atmospheric air to mix with the'lining material or to come into contact therewith before" it has-set.

The object of this invention is to provide apparatus whereby the operation of lining casks and other vessels can be conducted in such a manner as to obviate ,lthe disadvantages hereinbefore referred to and at the same time be carried out in a speedy and effective manner. 1

The apparatus comprises an air compressor or blower or other suitable means of supplying air, a furnace for heating the air, a series of distributing-pipes with nozzles thereon, a tank or receptacle for the lining material with means for delivering same into the cask, also a compressor for supplying air to the interior of the cask.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the general arrangement of the plant. Fig. 2;isa'sectional elevation of theair-heatenfltakenon,the line 2 2 of Fig. 3; and Fig.1 3 is asectional plan of same, taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 is a partlysectional side elevation of the liningvapparatus for h'olding and supplying the lining material to the interior of the cask. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of the coupling interposed in the discharge-pipe which contains "the back-pressure valve and the connection with the compressed-air pipe. Fig. 5 is a plan of same, and Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

The same letters of reference where they occur are used to denote the same or corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Referring first to Fig. 1, Ais a main steampipe leading from any convenient'source and supplying steam by the branch pipes b, o, and d, respectively, to the steam-blower B, the air-compressor O, and the steam-coils in the interior ofthe lining-material tank or receptacle 1), each branch pipe being fitted with a stop-cock, as will be well understood.

e is a pipe leading the compressed air from the-compressor O to the air-receiver E, from whence itis admitted to the lining apparatus, as required,in-the manner to be hereinafter described, through the pipe e, also fitted with a stop-cock. From the blower B the air passes by the pipe fthrough the interior of'the air-heater'F, where it becomes sterilized, to the hot-air-distributing pipes G, each of which latter is fitted with a suitable number of nozzle outlets g, arranged between. racks H, onto' which the casks or thelike vessels J are placed, with their bung-holes over the nozzles 9.

7r is a by-pass or branch pipe supplying cold air from the blower-outlet f to a cold-airdistributing pipe K,also fitted with nozzle outlets g and barrel-racks H, like the distributing-pipes G. The volume of air admitted to the pipes K and G is regulated by the valves or gates 70 and g, respectively, and the temperature of the sterilized heated air passing to the nozzles is thereby controlled.

The air-heater F (shown in Figs. 2 and '3) consists of a cylindrical or' other shaped vessel containing aseries of air-pipes f, through which is passed the'air'from the blowerB or other source of compressed-air supply, the

air-pipes f being larger in diameter than the outlet-pipeffrom the blower B or other supply, so as to allow the air to-expand in the heater-pipes j, which in themselves thus form a receptacle or reservoir for the sterilized air. The cylindrical or other vessel F is lined with fire-brick and arranged so as to burn any combustible material. The combustion-gases circulate around the exterior surfaces of the internal heater-pipes f. Consequently the air forced through the latter is free from contact with the combustion-gases of the furnace of the heater.

The distributing-pipes G are of smaller diameter than the air-pipes f in the heater F, thus maintaining a continuous volume of sterilized hot air at practically uniform pressure on emission from the nozzles g.

The lining apparatus (shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6) comprises an outer tank or receptacle 1) for the lining material, fitted with a steamcoilD,passing therethrough,and supplied, as already stated, by the branch steam-pipe (Z, (see Fig. 1,) so as to maintain'the wax or other material at the proper temperature to insure its fluidity. Immersed in the liquid in the tank or receptacle D and firmly bolted to the top cover of said tank or receptacle D is a flanged cylinder L, having suction-valves Z, opening inward, (see Fig. 6,) and a discharge-outlet Z, provided with two or more similar outlet-pipes Z each fitted with a nozzle P, so that the lining material can be injected into two or more barrels simultaneously. Each outlet-pipe Z is fitted with a back-pressure valve Z and is also connected between said valve Z and the nozzle Z with the pipe e, (shown in Fig. 1,) which latter is also fitted with a back-pressure valve (not shown in the drawings) and leads from the air-receiver E or other source of compressedair supply. On the outside of the tank or receptacle D is an air, steam, or other motor cylinder M, the piston-rod m of which passes through the covert of the flanged cylinderL in the lining-material tank D and carries at its end a plunger m, fitting the interior of said flanged cylinder L. (See Fig. 6.) When the motor is operated to raise the plunger m, a partial vacuum is created within the cylinder L, thereby opening the suction-valves Z and admitting the Wax or other lining material into the cylinder L. The return stroke of the motoradvances the plunger m, thereby closing the suction-valves Z and forcing the lining material through the discharge-pipes Z Z to the distributing-nozzles Z and thence into the interior of the casks or barrels J, placed over the distributing-nozzles Z". The back-pressure valve on the pipe 6 prevents the lining material from passing into said pipe 6. After the injection thereinto of the lining material and while the casks are still over the nozzles Z compressed air is admitted through the pipe 6' into the discharge-pipes Z adjoining the back-pressure valve Z and said compressed airis consequently prevented from passing hack to the cylinder L by the back-pressure valves Z aforementioned. The ail-therefore passes through the nozzle Z into the interior of the casks or barrels J, where it expands, thereby becoming lowered in temperature and rapidly fixing or setting the wax or other lining material in situ on the interior of the casks, barrels, or other vessels. Where necessary, the casks or barrels after removal from the nozzles Z of the lining apparatus may be placed over the nozzles of the coldair-distributing pipes K and cold air injected thereinto for a short period, so as to insure the firm fixing or setting of the lining material. The sterilized heated airfirst admitted to the cask or other vessel serves to open up the pores of the wood, and while the pores are still expanded by the heat the lining material is injected and the wax or other material enters the open pores and forms a layer on the interior of the vessel. The lining is thereby firmly bound or keyed to the wood,.and when set it will not flake oif, crack, or become injured by hoop-driving or other treatment to which Wooden casks are ordinarily subjected. It will be obvious that by the admission of the compressed air through the same nozzle as that through which the lining material has been injected the necessity for the removal of the cask while the lining material is still in a fluid condition is obviated. Consequently a fine, thin, and uniformly-even filmy layer of the lining material on the interior of the cask is insured, which would not be the case if the cask were moved about while the lining material was still fluid.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for lining casks, barrels and the like, the combination of a tank for the lining material, acylinder inclosed by the tank, a plunger working in said cylinder, a

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valve in said cylinder opening inward, an

outlet-pipe leading from the cylinder and provided with a spray-nozzle at its outer end, a back-pressure valve in the outlet-pipe, a source of compressed air, a pipe forming communication between said source and said outlet-pipe, and a back-pressure valve in said pipe.

2. In an apparatus for lining casks, barrels and the like, the combination of a tank for the lining material, a heating-coil in said tank, a cylinder Within the tank, a plunger working in the cylinder, an inwardly-opening valve in the cylinder, an outlet-pipe leading from the cylinder, and having a spray-nozzle atits outer end, a back-pressure valve in the outlet-pipe to prevent the return of the lining material, a source of compressed air, a pipe leading from said source to the outlet-pipe between the back-pressure valve and the nozzle, and a back-pressure valve in the connecting-pipe.

3. In an apparatus for lining casks, barrels and the like, the combination of a tankfor 5 the lining material, means to heat the same, a pump within said tank, a spray-nozzlein connection with said pnmp, whereby the liquid is conveyed from the tank by the pump to the spray-nozzle, and a source of compressed air connected to the spray n0zz1e.

HERBERT SAMUEL RUSSELL. Witnesses:

G. D. NEVILLE, WALTER J. SKERTEN. 

